This step assumes that you have already created all the EBS volumes following the exact steps in this guide, they just need attaching to the correct points and a few folders need to be removed / re-factored.
Attach the EBS Volumes
We are going to use the same configuration as during initial creation. So, in Elasticfox:
- Click on the “Volumes and Snapshots” tab
- Select each EBS volume individually and click on the green plus button to attach it to your required instance
- Enter a path for each (the range is sdc to sdp – sda and sdb are already in use)
- For the web-server: /dev/sdc
- For the database: /dev/sdd – “d” for database may be a good choice
- For the e-mails: /dev/sde – “e” for e-mails may be a good choice
Then back on the server:
sudo mkdir -m 000 /webserver
sudo mkdir -m 000 /database
sudo mkdir -m 000 /email
echo "/dev/sdc /webserver xfs noatime 0 0" | sudo tee -a /etc/fstab
echo "/dev/sdd /database xfs noatime 0 0" | sudo tee -a /etc/fstab
echo "/dev/sde /email xfs noatime 0 0" | sudo tee -a /etc/fstab
sudo mount -a
Make MySQL use the EBS volume data
This assumes we have an EBS volume with a mount point called “database” attached that contains all necessary data / permissions.
sudo service mysql stop
Remove some existing MySQL parts so they can be mounted with those already available on the EBS volume.
sudo mv /etc/mysql /etc/mysql.ORIG
sudo mv /var/lib/mysql /var/lib/mysql.ORIG
sudo mv /var/log/mysql /var/log/mysql.ORIG
sudo mkdir /etc/mysql /var/lib/mysql /var/log/mysql
sudo chown mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql
sudo chmod 0700 /var/lib/mysql
sudo chown mysql:adm /var/log/mysql
sudo chmod 0750 /var/log/mysql
sudo chmod g+s /var/log/mysql
echo "/database/etc/mysql /etc/mysql none bind" | sudo tee -a /etc/fstab
echo "/database/data /var/lib/mysql none bind" | sudo tee -a /etc/fstab
echo "/database/log /var/log/mysql none bind" | sudo tee -a /etc/fstab
sudo mount -a
sudo service mysql start
Make Apache / PHP use the EBS volume data
This assumes we have an EBS volume with a mount point called “webserver” attached that contains all necessary data / permissions.
sudo service apache2 stop
Remove some existing Apache parts so they can be mounted with those already available on the EBS volume.
sudo mv /etc/apache2 /etc/apache2.ORIG
sudo mv /var/log/apache2 /var/log/apache2.ORIG
sudo mv /var/www /var/www.ORIG
sudo mv /etc/php5 /etc/php5.ORIG
sudo mkdir /etc/apache2 /etc/apache2/vhosts /var/log/apache2 /var/www /etc/php5
sudo chown root:adm /var/log/apache2
echo "/webserver/apache2 /etc/apache2 none bind" | sudo tee -a /etc/fstab
echo "/webserver/vhosts /etc/apache2/vhosts none bind" | sudo tee -a /etc/fstab
echo "/webserver/log /var/log/apache2 none bind" | sudo tee -a /etc/fstab
echo "/webserver/sites /var/www none bind" | sudo tee -a /etc/fstab
echo "/webserver/php5 /etc/php5 none bind" | sudo tee -a /etc/fstab
sudo mount -a
sudo service apache2 start
Make Postfix / Dovecot use the EBS volume data
This assumes we have an EBS volume with a mount point called “email” attached that contains all necessary data / permissions.
sudo service postfix stop
sudo service dovecot stop
Remove some existing Postfix / Dovecot parts so they can be mounted with those already available on the EBS volume. Because we are going to use a MySQL controlled, virtual mail setup we also need to create a new user and set some permissions.
sudo mkdir /home/ubuntu/smtp-certificates /var/log/dovecot /var/log/postfix /var/spool/vmail /home/vmail
sudo groupadd -g 5000 vmail
sudo useradd -g vmail -u 5000 vmail -d /home/vmail
sudo chown vmail:vmail /home/vmail
sudo chown vmail:adm /var/log/dovecot
sudo chown syslog:adm /var/log/postfix
sudo chown vmail:mail /var/spool/vmail
sudo chmod 0775 /var/spool/vmail
sudo mv /etc/postfix /etc/postfix.ORIG
sudo mv /etc/dovecot /etc/dovecot.ORIG
sudo mv /var/spool/postfix /var/spool/postfix.ORIG
sudo mkdir /etc/postfix /etc/dovecot /var/spool/postfix
echo "/email/postfix /etc/postfix none bind" | sudo tee -a /etc/fstab
echo "/email/dovecot /etc/dovecot none bind" | sudo tee -a /etc/fstab
echo "/email/spool/postfix /var/spool/postfix none bind" | sudo tee -a /etc/fstab
echo "/email/spool/vmail /var/spool/vmail none bind" | sudo tee -a /etc/fstab
echo "/email/vmail /home/vmail none bind" | sudo tee -a /etc/fstab
echo "/email/smtp-certificates /home/ubuntu/smtp-certificates none bind" | sudo tee -a /etc/fstab
echo "/email/log/dovecot /var/log/dovecot none bind" | sudo tee -a /etc/fstab
echo "/email/log/postfix /var/log/postfix none bind" | sudo tee -a /etc/fstab
sudo mount -a
sudo service postfix start
sudo service dovecot start
Make Subversion use the EBS volume data (optional)
sudo mkdir /svn-repositories
echo "/webserver/svn /svn-repositories none bind" | sudo tee -a /etc/fstab
sudo mount -a
Download this guide
To make this guide more useful I've added a feature to allow you to save it offline in a simple HTML format. If you have not customised this guide to your own values you may wish to do so here before you download it. There are a few options here:
Guide contents
- Hosting a website on Amazon EC2 - The goals and assumptions of this guide
- Preparing required tools - Create an AWS account, configure Elastic Fox and add an SSH tool
- Customise this guide - Allow all commands to be tailored to you (optional)
- Core software installation - Install some common software to the server image
- Depending upon your chosen configuration there is a choice here:
- Create and attach new EBS volumes - New server that you may want to split in future
- Attach existing EBS volumes - If you have used this guide before and have EBS volumes
- No attached EBS volumes - If you are not using the cloud or don't want to use them
- Depending upon your chosen configuration there is another choice here:
- Software Configuration - Set up the system to work as a multi-function server (from 5a or 5c)
- Software Configuration from existing EBS volumes - Use settings from EBS volumes (from 5b)
- Backing up and clean up - Configure Crons, log rotation etc
